INTERFAZ PARA CONTROLAR MOTORES DE CD.

En este post se presenta información de como controlar un motor de CD (común) usando GUIDE, herramienta de MATLAB.

Es importante recalcar que en esta ocasión solo se pretende desarrollar una interfaz gráfica en MATLAB, que cumpla con las siguientes condiciones:

FIG. 1: interfaz gráfica (PWM)

ABRIR EL PUERTO SERIAL MEDIANTE UN BOTÓN 

CERRA EL PUERTO SERIAL CON UN BOTÓN DISPONIBLE 

BARRA SLIDER PARA VARIAR EL VALOR DEL DUTY CICLE

ENVIÓ CORRECTO DE DATOS DE 8 BITS

MENSAJES AL USUARIO

PUNTOS IMPORTANTES A CONSIDERAR:

El nombre (etiqueta) del puerto serial

La velocidad de transmisión

Bits a enviar (N bits, bit de parada y bit de error)

Tomando en cuenta estas dichas especificaciones y consideraciones, se desarrollo la interfaz (véase FIG 1).

Ahora se muestra el código funcional propuesto para este diseño.

CODIGO (MATLAB):

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

function varargout = PWMcD(varargin)

% PWMCD M-file for PWMcD.fig

%      PWMCD, by itself, creates a new PWMCD or raises the existing

%      singleton*.

%

%      H = PWMCD returns the handle to a new PWMCD or the handle to

%      the existing singleton*.

%

%      PWMCD('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local

%      function named CALLBACK in PWMCD.M with the given input arguments.

%

%      PWMCD('Property','Value',...) creates a new PWMCD or raises the

%      existing singleton*.  Starting from the left, property value pairs are

%      applied to the GUI before PWMcD_OpeningFcn gets called.  An

%      unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application

%      stop.  All inputs are passed to PWMcD_OpeningFcn via varargin.

%

%      *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu.  Choose "GUI allows only one

%      instance to run (singleton)".

%

% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES

% Edit the above text to modify the response to help PWMcD

% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 18-Feb-2013 17:24:54

% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT

gui_Singleton = 1;

gui_State = struct('gui_Name',       mfilename, ...

                   'gui_Singleton',  gui_Singleton, ...

                   'gui_OpeningFcn', @PWMcD_OpeningFcn, ...

                   'gui_OutputFcn',  @PWMcD_OutputFcn, ...

                   'gui_LayoutFcn',  [] , ...

                   'gui_Callback',   []);

if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})

    gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});

end

if nargout

    [varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});

else

    gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});

end

% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT

% --- Executes just before PWMcD is made visible.

function PWMcD_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)

% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.

% hObject    handle to figure

% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% varargin   command line arguments to PWMcD (see VARARGIN)

% Choose default command line output for PWMcD

handles.output = hObject;

% Update handles structure

guidata(hObject, handles);

% UIWAIT makes PWMcD wait for user response (see UIRESUME)

% uiwait(handles.figure1);

% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.

function varargout = PWMcD_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) 

% varargout  cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);

% hObject    handle to figure

% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Get default command line output from handles structure

varargout{1} = handles.output;

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton1.

function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject    handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)

% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton2.

function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject    handle to pushbutton2 (see GCBO)

% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% --- Executes on slider movement.

function slider2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject    handle to slider2 (see GCBO)

% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

PWM= get(handles.slider2,'value');

PWM=(round(PWM(1)));

s=instrfind

if isempty( s )

    set(handles.edit4,'string','ABRIR EL PUERTO');

end

fwrite(s,PWM,'uint8')

set(handles.edit3,'string',fix(PWM));

guidata(hObject, handles); 

% Hints: get(hObject,'Value') returns position of slider

%        get(hObject,'Min') and get(hObject,'Max') to determine range of slider

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.

function slider2_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject    handle to slider2 (see GCBO)

% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: slider controls usually have a light gray background.

if isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))

    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor',[.9 .9 .9]);

end

function edit1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject    handle to edit1 (see GCBO)

% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit1 as text

%        str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit1 as a double

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.

function edit1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject    handle to edit1 (see GCBO)

% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.

%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.

if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))

    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');

end

function edit2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject    handle to edit2 (see GCBO)

% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit2 as text

%        str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit2 as a double

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.

function edit2_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject    handle to edit2 (see GCBO)

% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.

%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.

if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))

    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');

end

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton3.

function pushbutton3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject    handle to pushbutton3 (see GCBO)

% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

s = instrfind;

if ~isempty( s )

    fclose( s );

    delete( s );

    clear s

end

s = serial('COM3');

set(s,'BaudRate',9600);

set(s,'DataBits',8);

set(s,'Parity','none');

set(s,'StopBits',1);

set(s,'FlowControl','none');

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%config serial

fopen(s);     %Almacena

if ~isempty( s )

set(handles.edit4,'string','RS-232 ABIERTO')

end

guidata(hObject, handles); 

function edit3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject    handle to edit3 (see GCBO)

% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit3 as text

%valor=str2double(get(hObject,'value')) returns contents of edit3 as a double

set(handles.slider2,'value');

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.

function edit3_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject    handle to edit3 (see GCBO)

% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.

%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.

if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))

    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');

end

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton4.

function pushbutton4_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject    handle to pushbutton4 (see GCBO)

% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

s = instrfind;

if ~isempty( s )

    fclose( s );

    delete( s );

    clear s

    set(handles.edit4,'string','CERRADO');

end

guidata(hObject, handles); 

function edit4_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject    handle to edit4 (see GCBO)

% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit4 as text

%        str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit4 as a double

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.

function edit4_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject    handle to edit4 (see GCBO)

% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.

%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.

if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))

    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');

end

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

En el código se puede observar la configuración del puerto RS-232, el envió de datos al puerto especificado (COM3).

P.D. este código esta abierto, en mi caso el control de motores los estoy haciendo con un PIC16f877A de Microchip(http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/devicedoc/39582b.pdf).

Si tienes dudas, puedes preguntar y tratare de responder a la mayor brevedad posible. La programación es sencilla, no cuesta nada programar las interfaces. 

Saludos.